Mississippi Foundations of Reading Practice Test

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What type of morpheme is added to the end of a word to indicate tense, number, or comparison?

  1. Inflectional morpheme

  2. Derivational morpheme

  3. Free morpheme

  4. Bound morpheme

The correct answer is: Inflectional morpheme

The addition of a morpheme to the end of a word to indicate tense, number, or comparison refers to an inflectional morpheme. Inflectional morphemes modify a word's grammatical function without changing its core meaning. For instance, when the suffix "-s" is added to a noun to indicate plural (as in "cats") or the suffix "-ed" is appended to a verb to signal past tense (as in "walked"), these are examples of inflectional morphemes in action. In contrast, derivational morphemes are used to create new words and often change the meaning or part of speech, such as adding "-ness" to form "happiness" from "happy." Free morphemes can stand alone as words (e.g., "cat," "walk") while bound morphemes cannot stand alone and must be attached to other morphemes. These distinctions underscore why the term "inflectional morpheme" specifically pertains to the grammatical modifications discussed in the question.